Description
IGCT integrated Gate Commutated Thyristors (IGCT integrated gate commutated thyristors = gate commutated thyristors + gate units) is a new type of power semiconductor switching device developed by medium voltage inverter for use in large power electronics packages. It was proposed by ABB in 1997. IGCT has made great progress in power, reliability, switching speed, efficiency, cost, weight and volume, and has brought a new leap to power electronic complete sets. IGCT integrates the GTO chip with the anti-parallel diode and gate drive circuit, and then connects it with the gate driver in a low inductance mode at the periphery, combining the stable turn-off ability of the transistor and the advantages of the low on-state loss of the thyristor, and gives play to the performance of the thyristor in the on-stage, and presents the characteristics of the transistor in the off-stage. IGCT has the characteristics of large current, high blocking voltage, high switching frequency, high reliability, compact structure, low on-off loss and so on, and has a good application prospect. IGCT has been used in power system grid devices (100MVA) and medium power industrial drive devices (5MW) IGCT has been successfully applied in the field of medium voltage inverter for 11 years (until 2009), because the high-speed switching capability of IGCT does not need buffer circuits, so the number of power components required is less, and the reliability of operation is greatly increased. Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), It is a composite voltage-driven power electronic device composed of BJT(bipolar triode) and MOS(insulated gate type field effect tube), which has the advantages of high input impedance of MOSFET and low on-voltage drop of GTR. The driving power is small and the saturation pressure is reduced. The diode is added between the collector and the emitter, mainly for continuous flow, and due to the inductive load, the IGBT turn-off moment will produce a very high self-inductive reverse voltage at both ends of the IGBT, which may breakdown the IGBT. The parallel diode shorted out this "self-inducted inverting voltage", protecting the IGBT.
IGCT has the characteristics of large current, high blocking voltage, high switching frequency, high reliability, compact structure, low on-off loss and so on, and has a good application prospect. 2, compared with IGBT, IGCT was put on the market later, the application is not as wide as IGBT, and the technology maturity is not as good as IGBT. The current IGBT and IGCT open and close losses are similar, and the efficiency of the inverter is not different. The main advantage is that the voltage withstand of IGCT is currently higher than that of IGBT, and the device is reduced when applied to high voltage inverters. However, the current wind power converters are 690V, and the voltage withstand of IGBT is enough. IGBT and IGCT, which is the development direction of power electronic devices? At present, the academic community is arguing that although IGCT appeared late, at least for now, it is not clear what advantages it has over IGBT. However, it is also possible that with the development of technology, the two will go hand in hand, or both will be replaced by some new device. The counterpart to IGCT is IEGT, also known as press-mounted IGBT (PPI). Injection Enhanced Gate Transistor (IEGT) is a series of IGBT power electronic devices with a voltage resistance of more than 4KV. By adopting the structure of enhanced injection, the low-pass state voltage is realized, which makes the large-capacity power electronic devices achieve rapid development. IEGT has a potential development prospect as a MOS series power electronic device, with low loss, high-speed action, high voltage, intelligent active gate drive and other characteristics, as well as the use of groove structure and multi-chip parallel and self-balancing characteristics, so it has great potential in further expanding the current capacity. In addition, many derivative products can be provided through module packaging, which is expected in large and medium capacity converter applications. Developed by Toshiba in Japan, IEGT takes advantage of the "electron injection enhancement effect", giving it the advantages of both IGBT and GTO: low saturation voltage drop, wide safe working area (absorption loop capacity is only about 1/10 of the GTO), low gate drive power (two orders of magnitude lower than the GTO), and higher operating frequency. The device adopts plate crimped electrode extraction structure, which has high reliability and performance has reached 4.5KV/1500A level.
The Programmable Logic Controller was first introduced in the United States in the late 1960s, when it was called the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), which was used to replace relays. To perform logical judgment, timing, counting and other sequential control functions. The concept of PLC was proposed by General Motors. The basic design idea of PLC is to combine the advantages of computer function perfect, flexible, universal and relay control system simple and easy to understand, easy to operate, cheap and so on, the controller hardware is standard and universal. According to the actual application object, the control content is compiled into software and written into the user program memory of the controller, so that the connection between the controller and the controlled object is convenient.
PLC features and functions
(1) The main characteristics of plc. The characteristics of plc are: reliable work, fast running speed, building block structure, flexible combination, good compatibility, simple programming and generation, rich, strong network function.
(2) The main functions of plc. plc system can well complete the industrial real-time sequence control, condition control, counting control, step control and other functions; It can complete analog/digital (a/d), digital/analog (d/a) conversion, data processing, communication networking, real-time monitoring and other functions. Years of practice shows that plc, reliable, is designed for the factory, with reinforced components according to the requirements of the working environment, real-time scanning practice and fault diagnosis function, easy troubleshooting, won the preference of users. What makes a plc so reliable is a real-time core or operating system of executable relay logic, sequential function diagrams, function blocks, structured text, command catalogs, or a combination thereof. In case of failure, the built-in device can maintain mechanical damage and maintain an orderly and predictable sequence.
2.4 The development trend of plc: there are extremely fast logical operations and logic control, sequence control capabilities, reliability in discrete control, convenient and easy to learn programming methods, so that it has an undisputed position in the field of industrial automation based on discrete.
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